Work-item flowingIdle machineMachine runningBroken down (repair)Scheduled service Buffer backing up (blocked)Squares = units; the column between two machines is the finite buffer
One 8-hour shift (480 min) compressed into ~33 s at default speed · 8 serial stages: Raw Prep → CNC → Precision Machining → Sub-Assembly → Inspection → Surface → Final Assembly → Packaging ·
Finite buffers cause blocking; breakdowns idle a machine and back the line up · Fixed seed: identical result on every reset ·
KPIs (throughput, OEE, cycle time, unit cost) are illustrative animations calibrated to the Monte Carlo report, not a re-run of the full DES